What is VSMT? A Pet-Owners Guide to Veterinary Spinal Manipulation Therapy
What Is VSMT? A Pet-Owner’s Guide to Veterinary Spinal Manipulation Therapy
Veterinary Spinal Manipulation Therapy (VSMT) is a hands-on technique used to restore normal movement in joints that aren’t functioning properly. These adjustments are based on our understanding of joint mechanics, muscle function, and fast-stretch neurological reflexes.
Although most people think of the spine when they hear “manipulation,” VSMT can be applied to any joint in the body — including those in the limbs, the tail, and even the skull.
Is There a Difference Between Chiropractic Care and VSMT?
Surprisingly, not really.
The term “VSMT” is primarily used to differentiate veterinarians who work on animals from human chiropractors who work on people. Some states allow veterinarians to use the word “chiropractic,” while others require the use of “Veterinary Spinal Manipulation Therapy.”
No matter which term is used, the most important thing is making sure the practitioner has specialized training in spinal manipulation for animals. This ensures that your pet receives safe and appropriate care.
What Happens During a VSMT Appointment?
Your veterinarian will begin with a thorough exam, evaluating how each joint moves by palpating and gently manipulating different areas of the body.
If a joint is found to be restricted, a high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) thrust is applied with the doctor’s hands.
This adjustment does not “put bones back into place.” Instead, it influences the nerves, muscles, and connective tissues surrounding the joint to help restore normal motion and improve overall function.
How Can VSMT Help My Pet?
When a joint can’t move properly, the nerves associated with that area may also be affected — which can influence the function of the entire body. By improving joint mobility, VSMT supports healthier nerve signaling and helps the body operate more efficiently.
Potential benefits include:
Improved gait and movement
Decreased pain
More normal muscle tone
Better neurologic function
Improved organ function
Every pet responds differently, so results can vary. Setting realistic goals with your veterinarian is important, especially since each animal’s condition and overall health are unique.
VSMT should also be used alongside—not in place of—your pet’s prescribed medications or veterinary treatments.
How Many VSMT Treatments Will My Pet Need?
The number of treatments depends on your pet’s condition, how long it has been present, and how the animal responds.
As a general guide:
Early or new conditions: may improve within fewer sessions
Chronic or long-standing issues: often require more frequent or prolonged treatment
Many pets start with 1–4 sessions per month, then taper to less frequent visits as mobility and comfort improve.